The comparison with the experimental results gave a fair degree of accuracy.Д®leni Berdermann, in Comprehensive Hard Materials, 2014 3.17.6.4.2 Beam Diagnostics Detectors for High-Intensity Synchrotron White Beams In another paper, Mamalis and his group modeled the progressive extensible collapse of frusta and gave a theoretical model that depicts the changes in peaks and troughs of the experimental load-displacement curves. Mamalis and associates refined the work of Postlethwaite and Mills in using the extensible collapse analysis for predicting the mean crushing load, and fair agreement with the experimental results were reported. They concluded that the deformation modes of frusta could be classified as a) concertina, b) concertina-diamond, and c) diamond. extended their experimental study to include mild steel at elevated strain rates. They proposed empirical relationships for both the concertina and the diamond modes of deformation. investigated experimentally the crumbling of aluminum frusta when subjected to axial compression load under quasi-static conditions. In their study of axial crushing of conical shells they used Alexander's extensible collapse analysis to predict the mean crushing force for the concertina mode of deformation for frusta made of mild steel. Postlethwaite and Mills first studied the frustum in this context in 1970. Literature on the utilization of frusta for dissipation of energy is meager. Finite element modelling on the crushing of foam-filled aluminium tubes can precisely capture the deformation mechanisms of such tubes and can give results with good agreement, compared with experimental results.ДЇrusta are truncated circular cones, see Fig. The deformation mode can be changed from diamond mode (hollow tube) or ring mode (foam-filled tube) to the Euler mode when the length increases. Among geometric parameters, the structural length L is the key parameter which has a significant influence on the compressive behaviour of foam-filled tubes. Different deformation modes, such as ring mode, diamond mode, Euler mode and mixed mode have been identified for such structural members to show their deformation and failure mechanisms.Д«ased on the results obtained in the current study, the existence of the foam filler can significantly affect the deformation mode of the tubes. The compressive behaviour of hollow tube, foam filler and foam-filled tubes subjected to uniaxial compressions have been studied experimentally and numerically in this research. Hodgson, in Recent Advances in Structural Integrity Analysis - Proceedings of the International Congress (APCF/SIF-2014), 2014 4 CONCLUDING REMARKS

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